Marker data

Either clone the THAPBI PICT source code repository, or decompress the latest source code release (.tar.gz file). You should find it contains a directory examples/drained_ponds/ which is for this example.

Shell scripts setup.sh and run.sh should reproduce the analysis discussed.

FASTQ data

File PRJNA638011.tsv was download from the ENA and includes the FASTQ checksums, URLs, and sample metadata. Related file metadata.tsv combines this with metadata about the samples from the paper (see below).

Script setup.sh will download the raw FASTQ files for Muri et al. (2020) from https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/PRJNA638011 - you could also use https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA638011/

It will download 198 raw FASTQ files (99 pairs), taking about 550MB on disk

If you have the md5sum tool installed (standard on Linux), verify the FASTQ files downloaded correctly:

$ cd raw_data/
$ md5sum -c MD5SUM.txt
$ cd ..

There is no need to decompress the files.

Amplicon primers & reference sequences

A region of 12S was amplified using a previously published primer pair (ACTGGGATTAGATACCCC and TAGAACAGGCTCCTCTAG) described here:

Kelly et al. (2014) Understanding PCR processes to draw meaningful conclusions from environmental DNA studies. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48546-x

This primer amplifies not just the fish of interest, but also birds and mammals (including human).

Rather than trying to use the same curated database from the University of Hull Evolutionary and Environmental Genomics Group, who also wrote metaBEAT (metaBarcoding and Environmental Analysis Tool) which was used in the paper, we provide a crudely curated database culled from stringent BLASTN matches in the NCBI NT database (search run with 100% query coverage and 99% identity, see provided scripts/blast_to_fasta.py), as file NCBI_12S.fasta. The run.sh script starts by loading this into a new THAPBI PICT database.

Metadata

The provided file metadata.tsv has ten columns, the first three are from PRJNA638011.tsv (ENA metadata) and the rest from the paper’s Supplementary Table S2 - cross referenced on the sample name/alias:

  1. run_accession, from ENA metadata, e.g. “SRR11949879”

  2. sample_alias, from ENA metadata, e.g. “Lib3-M3-1F1”

  3. sample_title, from ENA metadata, e.g. “MCE-Sample 1 filter 1”

  4. samples, from Supplementary Table S2, e.g. “M3-1F1”

  5. lake, from Table S2, e.g. “Middle_lake”

  6. filter, from Table S2, e.g. “MCE”

  7. treatment, from Table S2, e.g. “F1”

  8. extracted, from Table S2, e.g. “Filter”

  9. control, from Table S2, either “”, “blank”, “negative”, or “positive”

  10. date, from Table S2, e.g. “17.02.2017”

When calling THAPBI PICT, the meta data commands are given as follows:

$ thapbi_pict ... -t metadata.tsv -x 1 -c 5,6,7,8,9,10,4,3

Argument -t metadata.tsv says to use this file for the metadata.

The -x 1 argument indicates the filename stem can be found in column 1, the ENA assigned run accession.

Argument -c 5,6,7,8,9,10,4,3 says which columns to display and sort by (do not include the indexed column again). If for example the accession was listed first, it would be sorted on that, which is not helpful here. If you prefer to sort on filter first, that change should be straightforward.

We have not given a -g argument to assign colour bands in the Excel reports, so it will default to the first column in -c, meaning we get three coloured bands for “Middle_lake”, “NA” (controls), and “New_lake”.

Other files

Files cichlid_control.known.tsv and negative_control.known.tsv and are used in setup.sh to create expected/*.known.tsv entries for the positive and negative controls, including the blank controls.

12 fish species were translocated to New Lake, of which nine were also in the middle lake. Referring to the results text and Figure 1B, and pooling the two observed hybrids with a parent species, the expected species in the two lakes are as follows.

Middle lake and new lake both had:

  • Abramis brama

  • Barbus barbus

  • Carassius carassius

  • Cyprinus carpio

  • Perca fluviatilis

  • Rutilus rutilus

  • Scardinius erythrophthalmus

  • Squalius cephalus

  • Tinca tinca

New lake only also had:

  • Acipenser spp.

  • Ctenopharyngodon idella

  • Silurus glanis

File middle_lake.known.tsv lists the 9 species found in the middle lake, and new_lake.known.tsv lists the 12 species in the new lake (although not all fish are expected at all sites within each lake), and these are assigned to the remaining samples as expected/*.known.tsv by running setup.sh.